The Scientific and Technological Contribution of African FabLabs: Innovations, Impacts and Perspectives
Aicha Yvanna RASOARIMANANA
*
Thematic Doctoral School of Renewable Energies and Environment, University of Antsiranana, Antsiranana, Madagascar and Diasporeines Africa (Non-Governmental Organization), Paris, France.
Odette FOKAPU
Diasporeines Africa (Non-Governmental Organization), Paris, France and University of Technology of Compiègne, UMR CNRS 7338 Biomechanics and Bioengineering, University of Picardie Jules Verne, IUT Aisne, Cuffies-Soissons, France.
Youssef KEBBATI
Laboratory of Physics and Chemistry of the Environment and Space, University of Orléans, Orleans, France.
Rovamanjaka Onjamalala Lucas Rollandros RAVONIHARINAIVO
Thematic Doctoral School of Renewable Energies and Environment, University of Antsiranana, Antsiranana, Madagascar.
Hasina Andrianina Rakotonirina Fitiavana ANDRIAMIHARINJAKA
Thematic Doctoral School of Renewable Energies and Environment, University of Antsiranana, Antsiranana, Madagascar and Diasporeines Africa (Non-Governmental Organization), Paris, France.
Nirinarison Jean RAZAFINJAKA
Thematic Doctoral School of Renewable Energies and Environment, University of Antsiranana, Antsiranana, Madagascar.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
This study examines the scientific and technological contribution of African within the context of local development. Through a mixed approach combining literature review, questionnaire surveys and semi-structured interviews, it analyzes the activities of FabLabs located in sub-Saharan Africa (Madagascar, DRC, Togo, Burkina Faso) between May 2018 – July 2024. The results reveal a diversity of equipment (3D printers, CNC, electronic tools), software (Fusion 360, KiCad, Arduino) and innovative projects in the fields of energy, health, agriculture and education. Initiatives such as SolarFocus, Plastikôo or W.Afate illustrate a frugal and sustainable approach, based on recycling and adaptation to local resources. In parallel, several FabLabs have produced scientific publications on educational commons, digital inclusion and low -tech models. Despite structural constraints (limited access to electricity, precarious funding, weak institutional recognition), these FabLabs promote technical skills acquisition, professional integration, and social innovation. Their pedagogical model, based on practice and interdisciplinarity, offers an alternative to traditional education systems. To strengthen their impact, the study recommends the creation of a pan-African network, integration into public policies, and the development of South-South partnerships positioning FabLabs as catalysts of technological sovereignty and community resilience.
Keywords: African FabLabs, frugal innovation, developed technologies, local development