Comparative Study between the Topographic Method (Classical) and Photogrammetric Method (by Drone) for the Monitoring and Data Acquisition of Mining Works: A Case of the SOMAÏR Uranium Mine, Arlit, North Niger
Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology,
Page 109-122
DOI:
10.9734/cjast/2022/v41i484039
Abstract
The SOMAÏR open-pit uranium mine, commonly known as « Société des Mines de l’Aïr Aïr » (Arlit, Northern Niger), has been using the topographic method for several years to monitor and estimate mine production. However, the method has limitations and constraints in the implementation and reliability of the results. The company is considering the use of an innovative, more reliable and economical method. Thus, a pilot project using drones is being implemented. The objective of this work is to carry out a comparative study between the topographic method and the photogrammetric method for monitoring and acquiring data from mining operations. Thus, the data acquired by topometry using a total station, for the so-called classical method and by drone for the photogrammetric method, were analyzed and interpreted. These two (2) methods were used for the follow-up of the M4_Art North ore deposit and the G4_Taossa pit of the SOMAÏR mine. The results of the analysis and processing show that the data acquisition time by drone is relatively low (30 to 40 minutes) compared to that of the topographic surveys (21 to 60 minutes). However, data processing times for the photogrammetric method are relatively higher (50 to 60 minutes) than those for the conventional method (14 to 20 minutes). Nevertheless, this processing time of drone images can be improved with powerful computer equipment. In addition, the use of UAVs offers additional advantages in the monitoring of mining operations, particularly with regard to worker safety, precision in the calculation of dimensions, volumes and tonnages at the mining slice and at the overburden. Immediate analysis of the two methods shows the accuracy of the drone for the front survey and also shows all the details present on the ground, namely: the machines used, the purging products and other products or elements used. So, it would be wise to opt for the drone in downhole activities.
Keywords:
- SOMAÏR
- topographic method
- photogrammetric method
- mine pit
- ore pouring
How to Cite
Daou, I. E., Harouna, S., Moustapha, S. C. M., Hassan, A. M., Amadou, A. H., & Zabre, B. M. (2022). Comparative Study between the Topographic Method (Classical) and Photogrammetric Method (by Drone) for the Monitoring and Data Acquisition of Mining Works: A Case of the SOMAÏR Uranium Mine, Arlit, North Niger. Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology, 41(48), 109-122. https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2022/v41i484039
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Karara HM, Faig W. An expose on photographic data acquisition systems in closerange photogrammetry. International Archives of Photogrammetry, Hamburg. 1980;14(5):402 - 418.
Kraus K, Waldhäusl P. Handbook of Photogrammetry: Fundamental Principles and Procedures. Paris: Hermes; 1998.
Kraus K, Karel W, Briese C, Mandlburger G. Local accuracy measures for digital terrain models. The Photogrammetric Record 2006;21(116):342-354.
Available:http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j. 1477-9730.2006.00400.x/full.
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Available: http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/1/3/577.
Gruen A. Development and status of image matching in photogrammetry. Photogrammetric Record. 2012;27(137): 36-57.
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Available:http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/ 01431160701736513.
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Available://000274448200010 American society for photogrammetry and remote sensing.
Blaschke T. Object based image analysis for remote sensing. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. 2010;65(1):2-16.
Available:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/ pii/S0924271609000884.
Burkholder A, Warner T, Culp M, Landenberger R. Seasonal trends in separability of leaf re ectance spectra for ailanthus altissima and four other tree species. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing. 2011;77 (8):793-804.
Colomina I, Molina P. Unmanned aerial systems for photogrammetry and remote sensing: A review. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. 2014;92:79-97.
Available:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/ pii/S0924271614000501.
Rochat Matthias. Étude de la faisabilité de l'acquisition de données par drone dans l'application d'une délimitation foncière, Mémoire de Master, Spécialité "Identification, Aménagement et gestion du Foncier ", ESGT Le Mans. 2018;63.
Alex BWM, Patrick ILD, Roger MNS. Optimization and Estimation of Reserves at the Lunsanu Mine in Upper Katanga, DR Congo; 2017.
Milles S, Lagofun J. Topography and modern topometry: Measurement and Representation Techniques; 2007.
James M, Robson S. Mitigating systematic error in topographic models derived from UAV and ground-based image networks. ESPL [Wileyonlinelibrary.com]. 2014;39.
Available:www.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/esp.3609
Nex, Remondino. UAV for 3D mapping applications: A review, Applied Geomatics; 2014.
Available:https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12518-013-0120-x
Brisset P. Civilian drones: Perspectives and realities. ENAC Research. 2004:44.
Eissenbeiss H. UAV Photogrammetry. PhD Thesis (Sciences), ETH Zurich (Switzerland). 2009;203.
Wolf P, Dewitt B. Elements of Photogrammetry: with applications in GIS. Vol. 3. McGraw-Hill New York, NY, USA; 2000.
Snavely N, Seitz SM, Szeliski R. Modeling the world from internet photo collections. International Journal of Computer Vision 2008;80 (2):189-210.
Available:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11263-007-0107-3.
Zhang Y, Xiong J, Hao L. Photogrammetric processing of low-altitude images acquired by unpiloted aerial vehicles. The Photogrammetric Record. 2011;26(134): 190-211.
Available:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.2011. 00641.x.
Turner D, Lucieer A, Watson C.. An automated technique for generating georectied mosaics from ultra-high resolution unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery, based on structure from motion (SfM) point clouds. Remote Sensing 2012;4(5):1392-1410.
Available: http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/4/5/1392.
Tournadre V. Metrology by light airborne photogrammetry: application to the monitoring of dike evolution, PhD thesis, Speciality "Image processing", Université Paris-Est. 2015;249.
Murtiyoso A. Image acquisition and data processing protocol by drone, 3D modelling of remarkable buildings by photogrammetry, Mémoire de Ingénieur Spécialité "Topographie", INSA de Strasbourg. 2016;81.
Accessed in May 2020
Vandenbroeck M. Photogrammetry by drone of a small mountain glacier - Development and application of a protocol ensuring the reproducibility of repeated surveys at seasonal and interannual intervals, Master's thesis, Speciality "Geographic science, geomatics and geomorphology orientation", University of Liege (Belgium). 2018;92.
AREVA. End of campaign report, Guezouman Flexure 2008-2009. 2010;92.
Zabre B. Deployment of the drone data acquisition system in the downhole activities of SOMAÏR. Mémoire d'Ingénieur en Mines et Environnement. School of Mines, Industry and Geology (EMIG) of Niamey, Niger ; 2022.
Slama CC, Theurer C, Henriksen SW. Manual of photogrammetry. Falls Church, Va. American Society of Photogrammetry; 1980.
Damien R, Christian P, Nicolle M, Bruno R, Andres J, Jean A, Jean-Stephane B. Aerial photographs by drone and DEM: application to Draix observatory on badland erosion. Geomorphologie : Relief, Processus, Environnement. 2005;n°1:7-20.
Aber JS, Marzol I, Ries JB. Small- Format Aerial Photography: Principles, Techniques and Geoscience Applications. Elsevier Science & Technology Books; 2010.
Jacome PA. Very high spatial resolution DTM for 3D representation of erosional gullies in mountains. PhD thesis. Institut des Sciences et Industries du Vivant et de l'Environnement, Agro Paris Tech. 2010; 260.
Nocerino et al. Accuracy and block deformation analysis in automatic UAV and terrestrial photogrammetry -Lesson learned-, ISPRS [www.ISPRS. org]. 2013;XXIV.
Available:https://www.researchgate.net/publication/257486039.
Dudka T. Photogrammetry and 3D modeling from drone images within TPLM-3D. Master thesis, INSA Strasbourg ; 2015.
Breels, Nicolas, Marneffe, Stephan. River flow measurement using imaging techniques combining LSPIV and photogrammetry. Leuven Polytechnic, Catholic University of Leuven, 2020. Prom.: Soares Frazao, Sandra; 2020.
Available:http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/thesis:25215
Peipe J, Stephani M. Performance analysis of a pole and tree trunk detection method for mobile laser scanning data. The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XXXVIII-5/W12. 2011:197-202,
Available:https://doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-XXXVIII-5-W12-197-2011.
O'connor J, Smith MJ, James MR. Cameras and settings for aerial surveys in the geosciences: Optimising image data. Progress in Physical Geography. 2017;41(3):325-344.
DOI:10.1177/0309133317703092.
Rossini M, DiMauro B, Garzonio R, Baccoloa G, Cavallini G, Mattavelli M, De Amicis M, Roberto CR. Rapid melting dynamics of an alpine glacier with repeated UAV photogrammetry. Geomorphology. 2018;304:159 - 172.
DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.12.039.
Brown DC. Decentering distortion of lenses, Photometric Engineering. 1966;32(3):444- 462.
Jacome PA, Puech C, Raclot D, Bailly JS. Extraction of a digital terrain model from drone photographs. Clermont-Ferrand. 2007:79-100.
Eisenbeiss H. UAV photogrammetry in plant sciences and geology, In: 6th ARIDA Workshop on "Innovations in 3D Measurement, Modeling and Visualization, Povo (Trento), Italy; 2008.
Dandois PJ, Olano M, Ellis EC.. Optimal Altitude, Overlap, and Weather Conditions for Computer Vision UAV Estimates of Forest Structure. Remote Sensing, 23 October. 2015 ;7: 13895-13920.
DOI :10.3390/rs71013895.
Finn R, Wright D. Unmanned aircraft systems: surveillance, ethics and privacy in civil applications. Computer Law and Security Review. 2012;28(2):184-194, Cited By (since 1996) 0.
Available: http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url.
Fonstad MA, Dietrich JT, Courville BC, Jensen JL, Carbonneau PE. Topographic structure from motion: a new development in photogrammetric measurement. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 2013 ;38(4):421-430.
Available:http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/esp. 3366/abstract.
Lisein J, Linchant J, Lejeune P, Bouché P, Vermeulen C. Aerial surveys using an unmanned aerial system (UAS): Comparison of dierent methods for estimating the surface area of sampling strips. Tropical Conservation Science. 2013;6(4):506-520.
Dandois et al. Optimal Altitude, Overlap and Weather Conditions for Computer Vision UAV Estimates of Forest Structure. Remote Sensing [www.mdpi.com/journal/remotesensing]. No. 2015;7(10):13895-13920.
Gindraux et al. Accuracy Assessment of Digital Surface Models from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Imagery on Glaciers. Remote Sensing [www.mdpi.com/journal/remotesensing]. No. 2017;9(3):186.
Karara HM, Faig W. An expose on photographic data acquisition systems in closerange photogrammetry. International Archives of Photogrammetry, Hamburg. 1980;14(5):402 - 418.
Kraus K, Waldhäusl P. Handbook of Photogrammetry: Fundamental Principles and Procedures. Paris: Hermes; 1998.
Kraus K, Karel W, Briese C, Mandlburger G. Local accuracy measures for digital terrain models. The Photogrammetric Record 2006;21(116):342-354.
Available:http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j. 1477-9730.2006.00400.x/full.
Honkavaara E, Arbiol R, Markelin L, Martinez L, Cramer M, Bovet S, Chandelier L, Ilves R, Klonus S, Marshal P. Digital airborne photogrammetry-a new tool for quantitative remote sensing, a state of the art review on radiometric aspects of digital photogrammetric images. Remote Sensing. 2009;1(3):577-605.
Available: http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/1/3/577.
Gruen A. Development and status of image matching in photogrammetry. Photogrammetric Record. 2012;27(137): 36-57.
Lindberg E, Hollaus M. Comparison of methods for estimation of stem volume, stem number and basal area from airborne laser scanning data in a hemi-boreal forest. Remote Sensing 2012;4:1004-1023.
Available:http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url.
Etten RJH. Raster: Geographic analysis and modeling with raster data. R package version 2014;2.2-31.
Available: http://CRAN.R-project.org/package=raster.
Baltsavias EP. A comparison between photogrammetry and laser scanning. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. 1999;54:83-94.
Available ://000081673900004.
Baltsavias E, Gruen A, Eisenbeiss H, Zhang L, Waser LT. High-quality image matching and automated generation of 3d tree models. International Journal of Remote Sensing. 2008;29(5):1243-1259.
Available:http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/ 01431160701736513.
Aguilar FJ, Mills JP, Delgado J, Aguilar MA, Negreiros JG, Perez JL, Modelling vertical error in LiDAR-derived digital elevation models. Isprs Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. 2010’65:103-110, 1.
Available://000274448200010 American society for photogrammetry and remote sensing.
Blaschke T. Object based image analysis for remote sensing. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. 2010;65(1):2-16.
Available:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/ pii/S0924271609000884.
Burkholder A, Warner T, Culp M, Landenberger R. Seasonal trends in separability of leaf re ectance spectra for ailanthus altissima and four other tree species. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing. 2011;77 (8):793-804.
Colomina I, Molina P. Unmanned aerial systems for photogrammetry and remote sensing: A review. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. 2014;92:79-97.
Available:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/ pii/S0924271614000501.
Rochat Matthias. Étude de la faisabilité de l'acquisition de données par drone dans l'application d'une délimitation foncière, Mémoire de Master, Spécialité "Identification, Aménagement et gestion du Foncier ", ESGT Le Mans. 2018;63.
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