Male Pheromone Isolation, Chemical Analysis and the Perfumes Development from Goat Hair Waste from Some Local Farms in Thailand
Khanittha Chawananorasest *
Expert Centre of Innovative Herbal products, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.
Tanapak Inyod
Expert Centre of Innovative Agriculture, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.
Cholthicha Niwaspragit
Expert Centre of Innovative Agriculture, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.
Supatcha Preecharueangrit
Biochemical and Microbiological Laboratory, Industrial Metrology and Testing Service Centre, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.
Kittirat Prangchan
Expert Centre of Innovative Herbal products, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.
Runchana Funk
Expert Centre of Innovative Herbal products, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.
Sirinan Thubthimthed
Expert Centre of Innovative Herbal products, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.
Sayan Tanpanich
Research and Development Group for Bio-Industries, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Goat male pheromones are secreted through their hair and play a prominent role in “male effect”. In this study, we aimed to isolate some male pheromone from the goat hair, waste from local goat farm from the Southern Thailand. Goat hairs were collected from three farms in three breeds and different parts of goat bodies compared in both males and females. The goat hairs extraction was carried out by maceration with hexane. The isolation of the extract was performed by column chromatography using sephadex LH-20 to give 100 fractions. The further separations yielded the 4-ethyloctanoic acid reported as goat scent and the exert releaser pheromone activity to attract females. Quantitative analyses using GC-MS demonstrated 12.73±0.78% w/w in the extract. The results showed 17 fatty acid compositions, such as palmitic acid, stearic acid, cis-9-octadecenomic acid, lauric acid, cis-vaccenic acid as prominent compounds. The qualitative of the extract by GC-MS illustrated 13 compounds in which the chemical fingerprint was confirmed by using 1H NMR technique. The microbial contamination of goat hair extract was further evaluated by spread-plate technique, showing no microbial contamination with Staphylococcus aureus, Clotridium spp. and Salmonella spp. The extract was used as a raw material for perfumes blended development and no irritation on human skin was observed.
Keywords: Goat hair, male pheromone, 4-ethyloctanoic acid, goat hair perfumes
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Author Biographies
Khanittha Chawananorasest, Expert Centre of Innovative Herbal products, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.
Tanapak Inyod, Expert Centre of Innovative Agriculture, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.
Cholthicha Niwaspragit, Expert Centre of Innovative Agriculture, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.
Supatcha Preecharueangrit, Biochemical and Microbiological Laboratory, Industrial Metrology and Testing Service Centre, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.
Kittirat Prangchan, Expert Centre of Innovative Herbal products, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.
Runchana Funk, Expert Centre of Innovative Herbal products, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.
Sirinan Thubthimthed, Expert Centre of Innovative Herbal products, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.
Sayan Tanpanich, Research and Development Group for Bio-Industries, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.