Clinical Presentation and Factors Associated to COVID-19 Disease in Mexican Patients
Daniel López-Hernández
Quality Management Coordination, Family Medicine Clinic “División del Norte”, The Security Institute and Workers’ Social Services of the State, North Division Avenue Number 3755, San Pablo Tepetlapa, Coyoacan, C.P. 04840, Mexico City, Mexico.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Objective: The objective was determining the clinical presentation and factors strongest associated to COVID-19 by age group.
Materials and Methods: A case-control study was performed. A total of 196,640 patients with laboratory-confirm SARS-CoV-2 infection and 196,640 persons without SARS-CoV-2 infection were included.
Results: The strongest signs and symptoms associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection were: in children fever (OR=1.31, CI95% 1.15-1.492), and headache (OR=1.208, CI95% 1.056-1.381). In adolescents, rhinorrhoea (OR=1.314, CI95% 1.218-1.419), myalgia (OR=1.142, CI95% 1.032-1.264), odynophagia (OR=1.151, CI95% 1.069-1.240), cough (OR=1.109, CI95% 1.032-1.192), and fever (OR=1.617, CI95% 1.501-1.742). In young-adults, rhinorrhoea (OR=1.224, CI95% 1.192-1.257), and chest pain (OR=1.076, CI95% 1.044-1.108). In older adults, polypnea (OR=1.088, CI95% 1.027-1.154), and diarrhea (OR=1.138, CI95% 1.086-1.193), and in both adults’ groups, cyanosis, malaise, arthralgia, myalgia, chills, dyspnoea, cough, and fever.
Conclusion: Clinical presentation associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection was different in each group. The strongest associated factors to predict SARS-CoV-2 infection are: smoking, obesity and diabetes.
Keywords: 2019-nCoV disease, SARS-CoV-2, case control studies