Antimicrobial Drug Resistance of Escherichia coli Isolated from Piglets in North East India
Hosterson Kylla
*
Department of A.H and Veterinary, Disease Investigation Division, Meghalaya, India.
Tapan Kumar Dutta
College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India.
Parimal Roychoudhury
College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India.
Prasant Kumar Subudhi
College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India.
T. C. Tolenkhomba
College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India.
Rajkumari Mandakini
College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India.
. Lalhruaipuii
College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India.
Lallianpuii Kawlni
Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aim: The research is aimed to study the antimicrobial drug resistance (AMR) of Escherichia coli from fecal samples of pre-weaned piglets in North Eastern states (NE) of India.
Materials and Methods: A total of 457 fresh fecal samples were collected from pre-weaned piglets of organized (n=225) and unorganized (n=232) farms of 4 North Eastern states of India, namely, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram and Nagaland state. Samples were collected from diarrheic (n=339) and non-diarrheic (n=118) piglets in different seasons during the study period. The samples were processed for isolation of E. coli and detection of their putative virulence genes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Results: A total of 1286 E. coli were isolated. Forty-two isolates (3.26%) were found to be atypical enteropathogenic E. coli (aEPEC) and thirty isolates (2.33%) belongs to shigatoxigenic E. coli (STEC) in which 28 isolates were positive for stx2 gene and two isolates possessed hlyA gene. All the 1286 isolates showed wide variation (0.15-78.69%) in resistance pattern against the 15 antimicrobial agents; of which there is higher resistance against cefalexin (78.69%), amoxycillin (77.13%), ampicillin (72.31%) and enrofloxacin (60.73%). The isolates showed low resistance to imipenem (0.15%), ceftriaxone (8.32%), ciprofloxacin (8.39%) and streptomycin (8.94%). Higher prevalence of AMR to numerous antimicrobials in this study was observed in isolates of organized farm compared to unorganized farming system.
Conclusion: The present study exhibited variation in AMR in different NE states of India as well as in different farming system which indicate that drug consumption and resistance are closely related.
Keywords: Antimicrobial resistance, Escherichia coli, fecal, North East India, piglets.