Larvicidal Property of the Extract and Fractions of Hannoa klaineana against the Larvae of Aedes aegypti
Ifeoma Chioma Ibe
Department of Pharmacognosy and Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Eze Elijah Ajaegbu *
Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Applied Sciences and General Studies, Federal College of Dental Technology and Therapy, Trans-Ekulu, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Lame Younoussa
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, Cameroon.
Simon Pierre Yinyang Danga
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, Cameroon.
Christopher Obidike Ezugwu
Department of Pharmacognosy and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aedes aegypti (Culicidae) is the main vector for dengue which is endemic in Nigeria and Africa at large. Use of synthetic materials for the control of this vector has always proven abortive. The introduction of plant metabolites which is biodegradable maybe successful and safer to the human health in the control programme of this vector since plants are very rich in bioactive secondary metabolites. Hence, we evaluated the larvicidal activity of the crude methanol extract, n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol fractions of Hannoa klaineana (Simaroubaceae) against the IV instar larvae of A. aegypti mosquitousing standard protocols. The most active fractions were n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions with LC50 values of 1.006, 1.479, and 3.198 mg/ml respectively; n-hexane fraction having the highest property with LC50 value of 1.006 mg/ml and followed by chloroform fraction with LC50 value of 1.479 mg/ml. The evaluation has shown that the secondary metabolites of H. klaineana can be used as an alternative for the synthetic larvicides which its use has proven abortive in the vector control programmes.
Keywords: Hannoa klaineana, Aedes aegypti, mosquito, larvicidal, fractions