Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Nigella (Nigella sativa L.) Collections Using Principle Component Analysis
S. P. Singh
AICRP Spices, Tirhut College of Agriculture (TCA), Dholi, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar, India.
Avinash Kumar
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar, India.
Banshidhar .
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar, India.
Sandeep Kumar Suman
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar, India.
Ashutosh Kumar
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar, India.
P. P. Singh
Directorate of Seed and Farm, Tirhut College of Agriculture (TCA), Dholi, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar, India.
Kaushal Kishor
Directorate of Seed and Farm, Tirhut College of Agriculture (TCA), Dholi, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar, India.
U. K. Singh
Department of Seed and Technology, Tirhut College of Agriculture (TCA), Dholi, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar, India.
V. K. Choudhary
Directorate of Seed and Farm, Tirhut College of Agriculture (TCA), Dholi, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar, India.
Rajesh Kumar *
Directorate of Seed and Farm, Tirhut College of Agriculture (TCA), Dholi, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Seventeen land races of Nigella along with one released variety (Rajendra Shyama) as a check; collected at farmer’s field from different parts of Bihar were evaluated in Randomized Block Design with three replications at Seed production Farm, TCA, Dholi, Bihar during Rabi 2015-16 to identify diverse Nigella genotypes. Principle component analysis (PCA) showed that first three PCs had >1.00 Eigen value and accounted to 84.71% of total variation. Rotated component matrix for various traits revealed that PC1 was strongly associated with secondary branches/plant followed by yield/plant, length of fruit, fruit per plant, primary branches/plant, height of the plant, days to 50% flowering and grains/plant. The traits that mostly contributed to PC2 were grains/plant followed by height of the plant and width of fruit whereas, days to maturity followed by width of fruit, height of the plant, days to 50% flowering and length of fruit contributed mostly to the PC3. The characters that contributed most to the PC4 were height of the plant, fruit/plant and length of fruit. Therefore, intensive selection procedures can be adopted to bring about rapid improvement of above mentioned traits. The k-mean of different clusters indicated that genotype falling in cluster III possess high values for all the traits under study indicating their potentiality as a parent in hybridization programmes for further improvement of Nigella. Highest inter-cluster distance was noted between cluster III and V indicating the genetic diversity among genotypes of these two clusters. Therefore, genotypes from these two clusters are recommended to use in hybridization programmes for further improvement.
Keywords: Nigella sativa, principle component analysis, genetic diversity, black cumin