Ecological Risk Assessment of Ground Water Quality of Two Industrial Zones of Karachi, Pakistan
Aziz Ur Rahman *
Department of Energy and Environment, Hamdard University City Campus II, Karachi, Pakistan
Muhammad Imran Sabir
Department of Energy and Environment, Hamdard University City Campus II, Karachi, Pakistan
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The purpose of this research study is to determine the quality of groundwater in and around the two industrial zones of Karachi such as SITE (Sindh industrial and trading estate) and KITE (Korangi industrial and trading estate) by using EIRA (Environmental Impact and Risk Assessment) method. The environmental researchers find this method easy enough to use for risk assessment and environmental impact. It has estimated the risk and impact associated with measured concentrations of ecological indicators for environmental components examined as a representative in assessment process. There are several mathematical steps being applied in this method. Out of 32 sampling points (18 each) of groundwater analysis, six ecological indicators examined representative for evaluative purpose were assessed. The results of the study indicated that the groundwater quality of both the industrial zones had high pollutant and contaminated due to industrial activities. Therefore, it is certain to implement the plan for remediation to uplift the quality of groundwater and overcome the pollution.
Keywords: Groundwater, Karachi City, industrial zones, effluent, EIRA