Risk Factors Associated with COVID-19 and Gastrointestinal Manifestations in Older Adult Patients
Anguiano-Velazquez Tabata Gabriela *
Coordinación Clínica de Educación e Investigación en Salud, Unidad de Medicina Familiar No. 3. Distrito Federal 2 Norte, IMSS, Mexico.
Granados-Kraulles Jorge Arturo
Jefatura de Enfermería, Enseñanza y áreas Técnicas, Hospital General de Zona con Medicina Familiar No. 76. Estado de México Oriente, IMSS, Estado de México, México.
Santiago-Sanchez Benita
Jefatura de Urgencias. Hospital General de Zona con Medicina Familiar No. 76. Estado de México Oriente, IMSS, Estado de México, México.
Salcedo-Vargas Mauricio
Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Ciudad de México, México.
Delgadillo-Urban Yerendira Margot
Unidad de Medicina Familiar No. 77. Estado de México Oriente, IMSS, Estado de México, México.
Herrerias-Colin Luis Angel
Unidad de Medicina Familiar No. 77. Estado de México Oriente, IMSS, Estado de México, México.
Huato-Andrade Cristhian
Unidad de Medicina Familiar No. 77. Estado de México Oriente, IMSS, Estado de México, México.
Chilpa-Garibay Angel Victor
Unidad de Medicina Familiar No. 77. Estado de México Oriente, IMSS, Estado de México, México.
Garcia-Gonzalez Angelica
Clínica de Medicina Familiar 5 de febrero, ISSSTE, Ciudad de México, México.
Hernandez-Salinas Miguel
Unidad de Medicina Familiar No. 77. Estado de México Oriente, IMSS, Estado de México, México.
Lopez-Ramirez Eduardo
Hospital General de Zona con Medicina Familiar No. 76. Estado de México Oriente, IMSS, Estado de México, México.
Gutierrez-Salcido Ana Luisa
Jefatura de Enfermería, Enseñanza y áreas Técnicas, Hospital General Regional No. 72. Estado de México Oriente, IMSS. Estado de México, México.
Téllez-Guzman Irene Judith
Hospital General de Zona con Medicina Familiar No. 76. Estado de México Oriente, IMSS, Estado de México, México.
Perez-Juarez Luis Daniel
Hospital General de Zona con Medicina Familiar No. 76. Estado de México Oriente, IMSS, Estado de México, México.
Salmeron-Hilario Exequiel
Hospital General de Zona con Medicina Familiar No. 76. Estado de México Oriente, IMSS, Estado de México, México.
Ruiz-Martinez Airym
Hospital General de Zona con Medicina Familiar No. 76. Estado de México Oriente, IMSS, Estado de México, México.
Lopez-Hernandez Daniel
Clínica de Medicina Familiar “División del Norte”, ISSSTE. Ciudad de México, México.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: To establish the association of gastrointestinal symptoms and possible risk factors with COVID-19 in older adults.
Study Design: An observational, cross-sectional, descriptive, retrospective study was designed using secondary sources, with a quantitative approach and non-probability convenience sampling.
Place and Duration of Study: The study included a population of 312 records of individuals aged 18 and over with COVID-19. The population was divided into two groups: one consisting of individuals aged 18 to 59 and the other of individuals aged 60 and over.
Methodology: Possible risk factors and gastrointestinal manifestations associated with COVID-19 in older adults were analysed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models.
Results: In older adults, the main gastrointestinal manifestation was diarrhea (OR=2.086, 95% CI 1.007-4.322, p=0.048). The risk of COVID-19 increased in older adults with type 2 diabetes (OR=2.053, 95% CI 1.149-3.671, p=0.015), hypertension (OR=2.34, 95% CI 1.191-4.596, p=0.014), and respiratory diseases (OR=8.049, 95% CI 1.913-33.868, p=0.004).
Conclusion: In older adults, diarrhea is a symptom associated with COVID-19, and the primary risk factors were diabetes, hypertension, and respiratory diseases.
Keywords: COVID-19, risk factors, SARS-CoV-2