An On-Farm Study for Feeding Impact of Total Mixed Ration (TMR) in Milking Cow
Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology,
Page 1-8
DOI:
10.9734/cjast/2019/v35i230168
Abstract
Aims: To compare the compatibility of maize stover based Total Mixed Ration (TMR) over conventional feeding in terms of dry matter intake, milk production and composition and economic outcome from cows.
Study Design: CRD.
Place and Duration of Study: This field trial was carried out for a period of 60 days on 10 early lactating Holstein Friesian crossbred cows belonging to the farmers of Sirajgonj district.
Methodology: Cows were divided into two homogenous groups considering lactation status and yield. In control (T0) group, cows were provided conventional feeds comprising of 20.0 kg Napier grass, 5.0 kg paddy straw, 2 kg pelleted feed and 10.0 kg concentrate mixture (composed of 5 kg wheat bran, 2 kg pulse bran, 2 kg red gram bran and 1.0 kg oil cake), while in another group (T1), cows were fed TMR comprising of maize stover and concentrate with 50:50 proportions, according to their nutrient requirements. The DM and CP contents in concentrate mixture of T0 and T1 were 90.33% and 15.6% and 38.01% and 16.7%, respectively. The data were analyzed by "SPSS 20.0" statistical program.
Result: Fresh feed intakes were significantly (P<0.001) higher in T0 (37.4±0.008) than those of animals in T1; CP intakes were significantly (P=0.008) higher in T1 (1.60±0.02). Differences were not significant (P=0.07) in case of DMI and DMI on %live weight between two treatment groups. Milk yield and fat content significantly (P=0.05) differed between groups. Highest milk yield (9.99±0.07 kg) and milk fat (3.62±0.06%) were observed in cows of T1. However, milk protein, lactose and SNF did not vary significantly between groups. Considering milk price @BDT 60.0/ltr, profit gained maximum in T1 group.
Conclusion: TMR improved substantial amount of milk yield and quality with concurrent reduction of milk production cost.
Keywords:
- Densified TMR
- crop residues
- milk yield
- milk composition
How to Cite
References
Venkateswarlu S, Kumar DS, Narendranath D. Nutrient utilization in buffalo bulls fed crop residue based rations. Online Journal of Animal and Feed Research. 2013;3(2):101-105.
Wadhwa M, Bakshi MPS. Effect of total mixed rations on the performance of buffalo calves. Indian Journal of Animal Nutrition. 2006;23(3):159-164.
Khan SR, Singh SK, Mudgal V. Effect of feeding complete rations on the performance of lactating crossbred cow. Indian J. Anim. Nutr. 2016;27(3):261-264.
Rao KA, Kishorek R, Kumar DS. Growth performances ram lambs fed different roughage based total mixed rations. Indian J. Anim. Nutr. 2014;2(3):121-127.
Senani S, Sharath BS, Elongovan AV, Samanta AK, Kolte AP. Use of spent maize cobs as source of roughage in the ration of Bandur lambs. Indian J. Anim. Sci. 2013;83(11):1207-1209.
AOAC. Official methods of Analysis, 18th edn. Association of Official Analytical chemists, Washington DC; 2015.
Van Soest PJ, Robertson JB, Lewis BA. Methods of dietary fibre, neutral detergent fibre and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science. 1991;74:3583-3597.
SPSS version 20.0.Statistical packages for Social Sciences, Version 20.0,2008. SPSS Inc., Illinois, USA.
Kishore KR, Kumar DS, Ramana JV, Rao ER. Field trial of maize stover based complete ration vis-à-vis conventional ration on lactation performance in graded murrah buffaloes. Animal Science Reporter. 2013;7(4):123-127.
Fan YK, Yaun-Lung L, Kuen-Jaw C, Peter WSC. Effect of concentrate feeding frequency versus total mixed ration on lactational performance and ruminal characteristics of Holstein cows. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2002;15(5):658-664.
Verma AK, Mehra UR, Das RS, Singh A. Nutrient utilization by Murrah buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) from compressed complete feed blocks. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 1966;59:255-263.
Pandya PR, Gupta RS, Talpada PM, Patel GR, Desai MC. Effect of complete feeds based on wheat straw and Prosopis julifora pods on growth and reproductive performance of growing crossbred heifers. Ind. J. Anim. Sci. 2005;75(1):56-59.
Lee Sangmoo, Kim Youngil, Young Kyoon Oh, Wansup Kwak. Effects of feeding methods of total mixed ration on behavior patterns of growing Hanwoo steers. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2010;23(11):1469-1475.
Pachauri SK, Singh SK, Mudgal Vishal. Effect of feeding wheat straw and urea ammoniated wheat straw based total mixed rations on the performance of female crossbred calves. Ind. J. Anim. Nutr. 2010;27(1):73-76.
Chander M. Chaff cutters and fodder chaffing: A simple technology worth adoption. In Makkar HPS, ed. Proceedings of FAO E- Conference on, Successes and failures with animal nutrition practices and technologies in developing countries. 2010;133–136.
Sharma D, Tiwari DP, Mondal BC. Performance of crossbred female calves fed complete ration as mash or block vis-a-vis conventional ration. Indian J. Anim. Sci. 2010;80(6):556–560.
Reddy GVN, Wilhelina PO, Reddy MS. Effect of differently processed complete diet on performance of Murrah buffaloes. Indian J. Anim. Nutr. 2003;20:131–135.
Reddy DN, Reddy MR. The effect of feeding complete feeds on nutrient utilization and milk production on crossbred cows. Indian J. Dairy Sci. 1983; 36:421–423.
Holter JB, Urban WE, Hayes HHJ, Davis HA. Utilization of diet components fed blended or separately to lactating cows. J. Dairy Sci. 1977;60:1288–1293.
Das MM, Singh KK, Samanta AK, Kundu SS, Sharma SD. Effect of complete feed blocks on milk yield and its composition in buffalo. In: Proceedings of XI Animal Nutrition Conference, Jabalpur. 2004;78.
Rakes AH. Complete rations for dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 1969;52(870).
Kumar V, Tyagi AK, Thakur SS, Kundu SS, Kale VR. Effect of feeding total mixed ration on productive performance and blood biochemical profile in lactating Murrah buffaloes. Indian J. Anim. Nutr. 2014;31(4):329–332.
Nagalakshmi D, Reddy DN. On farm performance of lambs and buffaloes fed expander extruder processed cotton stalks based complete diets. Indian J. Anim. Nutr. 2011;28(3):253–258.
Bargo F, Muller LD, Delahoy JE, Cassidy TW. Performance of high producing dairy cows with three different feeding systems combining pasture and total mixed rations. J. Dairy Sci. 2002;85:2948-2963.
White SL, Bertrand Wade JAM, Washburn RSP, Green JT, Jenkins CT. Comparison of fatty acid content of milk from jersey and Holstein cows consuming pasture or a total mixed ration. J. Dairy Sci. 2001;84:2295–2301.
Gaafar A, Hamed MA, Abdel-Halim MA. Mohi El-Di, Kotob FA, El-Reidy, Mohamed Bassiouni. Productive and reproductive performances of lactating cows and buffaloes fed Total mixed ration. Philipp J. Vet Anim Sci. 2011;37(2):131-142.
O’Neill BF, Deighton MH, O’ Loughlin BM, Mulligan FJ, Boland TM, O’Donovan M, Lewis E. Effects of a perennial ryegrass diet or total mixed ration diet offered to spring-calving Holstein-Friesian dairy cows on methane emissions, dry matter intake, and milk production. J. Dairy Sci. 2011; 94(4):1941-51.
Lailer PC, Dahiya SS, Madan L, Lal D. Effect of complete feed blocks on growth performance of Murrah male calves. Indian Journal of Animal Nutrition. 2010;27:220-223.
-
Abstract View: 2659 times
PDF Download: 807 times
